Xenograft Tumor Models

        There are several main types of animal models of pancreatic cancer: 

        Inducible model: This model simulates pancreatic cancer acquired in human by the influence of external factors, and is commonly used in research to prevent pancreatic cancer formation. For example, by feeding or subcutaneous/intravenous/orthotopic injection, the carcinogen is administered to the pancreatic tissue of the animal. 

        Transplantation model: Transplantation model is currently the most widely used tumor model, including both syngeneic and xenograft models. Among them, xenograft models are further divided into two categories: 

            CDX model: a tumor model constructed by transplanting tumor cell lines into immunodeficient mice. 

            PDX model: tumor tissues are transplanted into immunodeficient mice in the form of tissue, thus maintaining tumor heterogeneity well. 

        Genetically engineered model: Transgenic pancreatic cancer model can be constructed in mice by heterotopic expression of oncogenes and introduction of specific carcinogenic mutations or inactivated tumor suppressor genes. 

        The above are the main types of animal models of pancreatic cancer. Choosing the right animal model is crucial for more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.