Cell-based Assay

       Western blot is a commonly used experimental method in molecular biology, biochemistry, and immunogenetics. It is a biological detection technique that utilizes the principle that specific antibodies can specifically bind to their antigen proteins to stain samples. By analyzing the position and depth of staining, information on the expression of specific proteins in the analyzed cells or tissues is obtained to analyze and detect specific proteins.  

       In short, western blot detects target proteins through specific binding between antibodies and antigens. This process usually involves separating the protein sample by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, and then transferring the separated protein from the gel to the solid phase support (such as PVDF membrane or nitrocellulose membrane). A specific antibody (primary antibody) is then used to bind to the target protein on the transferred membrane, and a labeled secondary antibody is then used to bind to the primary antibody. Finally, use appropriate substrates for chromogenic or luminescent detection of the target protein.  

       Western blot is widely used in molecular biology, biochemistry and immunogenetics. It can be used to detect the expression of specific proteins in cells or tissues, to quantify the expression level of proteins, to identify the molecular weight of proteins, and to detect protein interactions. For example, it can be used to detect disease markers, such as HIV testing. It can also be used to study biological processes such as gene expression regulation, protein modification, and signal transduction.